Efficacy of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole in the prevention and treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis.
نویسندگان
چکیده
A combination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole was effective in the prevention and treatment of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis in cortisonetreated rats. Although all of 15 untreated rats died with P. carinii pneumonitis, none of 15 given trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylactically acquired the infection. After P. carinii pneumonitis was established, 9 of 14 rats recovered after treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole compared with only 2 of 14 treated with pentamidine isethionate. Rifampin and clindamycin, separately or in combination with pentamidine, were ineffective in the prevention and treatment of P. carinii infection.
منابع مشابه
Successful treatment and prevention of murine Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis with 4,4'-sulfonylbisformanilide.
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis was prevented in 0, 50, 100, and 100% of immunosuppressed rats given doses of 0.5, 5.0, 25.0, and 125.0 mg/kg (body weight) per day, respectively, of 4,4'-sulfonylbisformanilide (DFD). Therapeutic efficacy was demonstrated with DFD at 25.0 mg/kg per day, and when this dose was combined with trimethoprim, the combination was as effective as trimethoprim-sulfameth...
متن کاملEfficacy of a hydroxynaphthoquinone, 566C80, in experimental Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis.
The efficacy of a new class of drugs for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis was demonstrated. 566C80, a hydroxynaphthoquinone, administered orally in a dose of greater than or equal to 100 mg/kg of body weight per day prophylactically prevented P. carinii pneumonitis in 90% or more of rats, while all untreated control animals developed pneumonitis. When 566C80 (100 mg/kg per day) was administered...
متن کاملLimited effect of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis on Pneumocystis carinii.
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole has been proven effective in the treatment and prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis in lower animals and humans. How effective the drug combination is in eradicating P. carinii from the host is not known. The immunosuppressed rat model was used to determine whether or not trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole effectively eradicated the organism. Animals treated w...
متن کاملEfficacy of sulfamethoxypyridazine in a murine model of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.
Sulfamethoxazole is the component of co-trimoxazole responsible for its efficacy against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, but this drug is associated with frequent adverse effects. Sulfamethoxypyridazine is significantly more effective than sulfamethoxazole against a murine model of P. carinii and might be a candidate for testing in infected patients.
متن کاملCombination of pentamidine and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in therapy of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in rats.
Treatment with either pentamidine isethionate or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole significantly reduces the mortality of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. It is not known whether a combination might act in an additive, synergistic, or antagonistic manner. We studied the interaction of these two agents in the steroid-conditioned rat model of pneumocystosis. Of animals receiving pentamidine alone, 48%...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید
ثبت ناماگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید
ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
دوره 5 3 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1974